What is Flag State ? Authority and responsibility of the flag State?

The Flag State of a ship is the State under whose laws the vessel is registered or licensed. Flag State denotes the government whose flag the ship is entitled to fly.
Normally a vessel will usually bear the flag of the country with which she has closest connections. Although other considerations such as commercial interestor in some cases the terms of a ship’s chartering government contracts could determine the flag to be flown by a vessel.

The Flag state has the authority and the responsibility to enforce international maritime regulations over vessels registered under its flag, including those relating to inspection, certification and issuance of safety and pollution prevention documents

Flag States also have the responsibility of implementing and enforcing rules adopted by other inter governmental bodies, including International Labour Organization ( ILO)and International oil pollution compensation (IOPC)Fund.
The IOPC fund ensures that the victims of any major oil pollution incident receive adequate compensation without undue delay.

Flag States shall be responsible for over seeing the International Safety Management Code through the issue of ship’s Safety Management Certificate (SMC).Further the flag state will oversee
the maritime Security, seafarer’s competence standards , employment standards, safe manning and seafarer’s working hours ,casualty investigation, Movement of ships between flags,
repatriation of sea farers , participate in Flag State audits of the IMO and ILO meetings.

The primary responsibility for ensuring that the ships comply with applicable regulations and standards lies with the Flag State .Port State Control is no stand can never substitute for the proper exercise of Flag State responsibility, but is regarded as measure complementary to the Flag State Control

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Load Line & Why it is Important

Merchant ships have a marking on their hull know as the Plimsoll line or the Plimsoll mark, which indicates the limit until which ships can be loaded with enough cargo, internationally, the Plimsoll line on a ship is officially referred to as the international load line. Every type of ship has a different level of floating and the Plimsoll line on a ship generally varies from one vessel to another. All vessels of 24 meters and more are required to have this Load line marking at the centre position of the length of summer load water line. There are two types of Load line markings:- Standard Load Line marking – This is applicable to all types of vessels. Timber Load Line Markings – This is applicable to vessels carrying timber cargo. These marks shall be punched on the surface of the hull making it visible even if the ship side paint fades out. The marks shall again be painted with white or yellow colour on a dark background/black on a light background. The comp

Difference Between A, B & C-Class Divisions?

IMO Symbol A Class Division IMO Symbol B Class Division SOLAS has tables for structural fire protection requirement of bulkheads and decks. The requirements depend on the spaces in question and are different for passenger ships and cargo ships. The Administration has required a test of a prototype bulkhead or deck in accordance with the Fire Test Procedures Code to ensure that it meets the above requirements for integrity and temperature rise. Types of Divisions: "A" Class "B" Class "C" Class "A" Class: "A" class divisions are those divisions formed by bulkheads and decks which comply with the following criteria: They are constructed of steel or equivalent material They are suitably stiffened They are constructed as to be capable of preventing the passage of smoke and flame to the end of the one-hour standard fire test. they are insulated with approved non-combustible materials such that the average tempera

Gravity Disc

Oils containing water can only be de-watered in a perfect manner if the bowl is accurately adjusted to the difference in densities of oil and water. The gravity disc with proper inner diameter i.e. with the diameter that corresponds to the difference in densities of the oil-water mixture to be treated should, therefore, be inserted in the bowl, This disc can be chosen from the set of disc provided with the separator. The inner diameter of the disc to be chosen can be determined by: Calculation Experiment The general rule is : Small diameter gravity disc when treating heavy oil Large diameter regulating ring when treating light oil Determining the size of gravity disc by calculation: For a given separating temperature, the inner diameter of the gravity disc and if the desired density of the oil can be determined from the diagram, provided that the density of the oil at a temperature ranging 15℃ and 90℃ is known. For example; Given: Density of oil at 20℃ ρ oil

Marine Engineering

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