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Difference Between Treaty, Convention & Protocol?

Treaty:
  • It is written agreements between two states(bilateral) or between a number of states (multilateral), which is binding in international law
  • Treaties are binding only those states which are parties to the convention
  • Treaties are generally first drafted, adopted by a conference, then signed for ratification or accession
Convention:
  • Means coming together for a common objective
  • Multilateral treaty documents
  • Chief instruments, legal binding
  • Are identified by a name and year of adoption
  • It contained detailed technical provisions attached in annexes
  • May have technical provisions in associated code
  • A member state which ratifies or accedes to a convention is obliged to give effect to it by making it in national laws

Protocol:
Are important treaty instruments made when major amendments are required to be made to a convention which though already adopted, has not entered into force.

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